The Clinical Myopia Profile classification was used to assess the number of hours that children spent each day doing near-vision tasks. In 2016, 2017, and 2019, 34.7% of children spent more than 3 h a day doing these types of tasks, 25.9% spent between 2 and 3 h a day doing near-vision activities, and 39.4% spent <2 h a day performing said tasks.
3% of the children who participated in this study spent more than 50% of the said time using them. Only 34.2% spent <25% of the time using them and 27.5% spent between 25 and 50% of the time doing so. From 2016 to 2019 fewer children have near vision activities or excessive screen time of > 3 h and more children have screen time of 1–2 h and the details of the data obtained every year (Table 1). Several programs to improve the lifestyle of children have been established over the last few years; consequently, parents are well aware of the risks that their children face by spending long hours in front of a screen.
The number of hours spent in near vision and the use of electronic devices increase significantly with age, with this number being higher in children aged 7 years (OR:1.02; CI:0.99-1.94; p < 0.05). Thus, older children are spending more time on devices, especially those with excessive screen time > 3 h (Tables 2, 3). The increasingly frequent use of digital devices, both at home and at school, means that children are becoming more and more dependent on them as they grow older.
Table 2. Chances ratio and you may believe Interval from inside the outside issues, near circumstances as well as the accessibility digital devices dependent on years and refractive error.
Dining table step three. Regularity shipment of your energy invested into the near attention, having fun with digital gizmos as well as in outdoor items according to kid’s ages.
In regards to the round equivalent well worth, the greater number of day spent inside the near-attention affairs and making use of electronic devices, the greater tall this new development into myopization (Table cuatro). In addition, extreme distinctions have been seen when comparing the number of times invested inside the near vision issues throughout the different independent organizations out of The country of spain (p ? 0.001).
Hence, discover a definite association between your too much entry to digital products in addition to increased prevalence off myopia (OR: step one.step 10; CI: step 1.07-step one.13; p ? 0.001) (Data dos, 3).
Outdoor Affairs
Based on the Scientific Myopia Profile class, 50.6% of one’s children just who participated in the study spent ranging from 0 and you can 1.six h confronted by Ultraviolet white each day, 33.2% ranging from 1.6 and you will dos.seven h 24 hours, and simply sixteen.2% invested more than step 3 h 24 hours outdoors (Dining table 2, Profile 4). Myopia minimizes because time invested met with the fresh Ultraviolet white grows are going to be observed (p ? 0.001) (Figure 5). Additionally, just how many occasions that pupils purchase outdoors decrease as we grow old (Table 3) (p ? 0.001).
Discussion and you may Conclusions
In this data, we had about three main conclusions. First of all, the elevated date used on near activities and ultizing digital gizmos are in the large costs away from myopia within the Spanish youngsters. Secondly, frequency prices out of myopia in kids old 5–7 decades try expanding. Finally college students who had been said to spend more time outdoors have been less likely to want to develop myopia
Regarding the first finding, we have got that the time spent doing near activities has a direct impact on the prevalence of myopia in children aged between 5 and 7 (OR>1). Nevertheless, when we checked the time of these near activities that children spend with digital devices, we have got that the percentage of 7 years old children that spent more than 50% of the time doing near activities with electronic devices is higher than in children of 5 and 6 years old. Our study shows that, in general, the more the time using digital devices the higher the myopia prevalence (OR>1). But it is important to point out that we have found differences with age, meaning that we have not got a relation in the use of digital devices and myopia in children of 5 and 6 years old, but there is a relationship in children of 7 years old. Multiple studies also sustain that excessive use of smartphones, computers, television, etcetera, as well as the hours spent doing near-vision activities, have a negative impact on vision, and increase the risk of developing problems (15, 26, 31). For instance, the prevalence of myopia in children from Sydney (n = 124) was compared to the same in children from Singapore (n = 628), finding that it was higher in Singapore (29.1 vs. 3.3%) as a result of the differences in the children’s lifestyles of both countries, considering that in Singapore they spent more hours reading books and doing near activities while in Sydney spent more time in outdoor activities (13,75 vs. 3,05 h a week in Singapore) (21). Other researchers have related a higher risk of developing myopia with shorter distances for reading (<20 cm) and longer and continuous periods (>45 min), instead of joining to the total time in near activities (17). In this sense, a https://datingranking.net/pl/fuckbookhookup-recenzja/ recent study has concluded that results are mixed and that more studies are needed to evaluate the association between screen time and myopia (36).
