(20) The definition of to possess ‘brother’, aha during the BT, possess while doing so been augmented, although this mode is additionally utilized in Turoyo. Hertevin possess each other ?aha and ?ahona (Jastrow 1988, 180), however, Mandaic only has aha (Macuch 1965, 495).
In addition, outside NENA, i’ve almost every other terms: Mandaic keraya (Macuch 1965, 509), Turoyo raglo (Jastrow 1985, 219)
(21) One to rather mysterious item that is attested in every NENA languages but Sanandaj Religious (and therefore most likely merely a spin gap throughout the evidence) is aqla ‘foot’. Krotkoff (1985, 130-31) contends that this phrase comes in the sources ql ‘to become crooked’. The languages make use of the means aqla, but Koy Sanjaq aqla and you may Tisqopa (?)aqIlta.
(22) Some other term talked about by Krotkoff (1985, 131-thirty-two, 134) was baxta ‘woman’, that has supplanted the fresh Syriac atta throughout NENA, although not in the Turoyo otherwise Mandaic. So it word generally seems to result from Kurdish baxt ‘honor’. It’s interesting to notice you to an uneven plural endures inside the several languages: Tisqopa (?)InsI, Azerbaijan Jewish nise, and you will Halabja inse.
(23) Surprise advancement discussed because of the Noldeke (1868, 59) is actually rxata, equal to Syriac rhat. The alteration out-of h in order to x contained in this one-word is found in all the NENA dialects where in fact the verb are attested. Examples: Sanandaj Religious raxet (Panoussi 1990), Urmi r-x-D (Hetzron 1969, 123), Jilu rxata, Hertevin rahet (Jastrow 1988, 222).
(24) Several other unforeseen creativity is the NENA verb ‘fear’, that takes new versions zda?a, zdaya, and zdala from the various languages. Macuch and you will Panoussi (1974, 50) render a possible derivation in the Syriac ezda za ‘be shaken’. Forms into the infixed d are located in all brand new NENA dialects the spot where the root is attested: Halabja ilha zadyane ‘God-fearing (pl.)’, Jilu +zdale ‘he feared’, Aradhin iza:dIl ‘he fears’ (Krotkoff 1982, 78), Zakho zde?lu ‘they feared’ (Sabar 1988, 1).(9)
Never assume all of your own distinguishing options that come with NENA are located either in Turoyo or Mandaic
I think that above helps it be clear that NENA dialects share a variety of unique attributes that are receive neither in the last attested different Aramaic neither in the other life style dialects. These features assortment along side domains off phonology, morphology, while the lexicon.
Specifically, the languages away from NENA concur for the criteria dos, nine, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, 21, and 22. Every languages in which you will find guidance plus agree with standards 20, 23, and 24.
All but Halabja agree in standards 8 and 11. Requirement 6 is found in all the languages but Halabja, Hertevin, and you may Sanandaj Religious.
Even with their inner departments, the new NENA languages function a strikingly defined class, split up obviously out of both Turoyo and you can Mandaic. The career of them dialects beyond your NENA pale is out of matter.
The degree to which have is mutual round the NENA is particularly unbelievable whenever we think about the tremendous differences between the various dialects. The brand new determine off almost every other languages with the NENA might have been each other strong and you may wider, additionally the standard of common intelligibility anywhere between dialects can be extremely brief. The countless shared designs dispute firmly having a common provider of brand new NENA languages, in both one dialect or even in a small grouping of directly relevant dialects. Meanwhile, we could discern a handful of important packages off isoglosses and this depict this new limits of dialect teams.
a) This new dialect regarding Halabja does not show some extremely important designs and that can be found compliment of every remaining portion of the languages. It doesn’t mode a great CCiC-le preterite regarding intransitive verbs (8), it has no b(it)- future marker (10), and it has zero 3rd person only 1 copula that have step 1 (11). It is the absolute most fundamental section anywhere between dialects away from NENA. It means that left dialects mode a group whereby innovations pass on whenever you are Halabja remained datingranking.net/tr/badoo-inceleme/ unchanged by the her or him.
